句型转换中词语的变化

    在句型转换试题中除了句型需要进行一定的转换以外, 一些词语也需要根据情况进行相应的变化。现将肯定句转换为否定句、疑问句及条件句时所涉及的一些词语变化简略归纳如下:

一．some, something, somebody, someone, somewhere转换为any, anything, anybody, anyone, anywhere。

1.在肯定句转换为否定句、疑问句及条件句时,some, something, somebody, someone转换为any,  anything, anybody, anyone。

例:There are some apples on the tree.

→There are not any apples on the tree.

There are some apples on the tree.

→Are there any apples on the tree? 

You have some questions, you can ask me.

→If you have any questions, you can ask me.

I have something important to say.

→Do you have anything important to say?

I saw it somewhere yesterday.

→Did you see it anywhere yesterday?

2.在表示请求、提建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中用some,不需要转换。

例:I would like some bananas. →Would you like some bananas?

Why not (don't you) have some milk?  

Didn't you buy some cakes?

二.too, also转换为either

在肯定句转换为否定句时,too, also转换为either。

例:He has also been to the USA. 

→He has not been to the USA, either.

We are interested in the subject, too. 

→We are not interested in the subject, either.

三.and转换为or

在肯定句转换为否定句时连接被否定句子成份的and转换为or或no...and no...。

例:I have some homework and housework to do.

→I have not any homework or housework to do.

→I have no homework and no housework to do.

四.already转换为yet

在肯定句转换为否定句、疑问句时,already转换为yet。

例:I've already finished my homework. 

→I haven't finished my homework, yet.

→Have you finished your homework, yet?

五.still转换为not...any longer; no longer

在肯定句转换为否定句时still转换为not... any longer; no longer。

例:They still put their stockings at the end of the bed.

→They no longer put their stockings at the end of the bed.

→They didn't put their stockings at the end of the bed any longer.

六.sometimes, always转换为never

在肯定句转换为否定句时,sometimes, always转换为never。

例:I always go there on foot. 

→I never go there on foot.

Sometimes I go to the park alone. 

→I never go to the park alone.

七.all, both转换为none, neither

在肯定句转换为否定句时,all, both分别转换为none, neither。

例: Both answers are right. 

→Neither answer is right.

All of them have gone there. 

→None of them have/has gone there.